- I2C communication uses two lines, unlike TX and RX. I2C has only one line called SDA for data transmission and another line called SCL for clock pulses.
- SDA (serial data): carries the actual data.
- SCL (serial clock): provides clock pulses.
- Half-Duplex
- Unlike full-duplex communication where TX and RX can transmit and receive simultaneously, I2C allows only one side to transmit at a time, making it half-duplex.
- Master-Slave Mode
- Only one side can send a signal at a time to avoid conflicts, so communication is initiated by the master, and the slave responds after receiving the message.
- Multiple slaves can exist.
- Bus Protocol
- I2C is a bus protocol that enables communication between multiple devices.
- The master includes the target device’s address at the beginning of the message. Other slaves discard the message if it’s not meant for them.
- Synchronous Communication
- In asynchronous communication, both sides have their own clocks and communicate based on the agreed Baud Rate.
- Some small sensors lack accurate crystals for clocks, so the master’s SCL provides clock pulses to all slaves.